[linux] pripojenie na server

[Peter Farkas]

Ahoj,

On Friday 09 September 2011 06:44:20 Tomáš Lukala wrote:
> > > potreboval by som poradiť. Mám v správe jeden server ale už
> > 
> > nie router
> > 
> > > ktorým je server pripojený do sveta. Server je súčasťou vnútornej
> > > siete a beží na ňom file server a zopár ďalších služieb pre potreby
> > > vnútornej siete. Má privátni IP adresu.
> > > 
> > > Potreboval by som sa na server pripojiť vzdialene,
> > 
> > najlepšie pomocou ssh.
> > 
> > > Poradí mi niekto ako na to keď server má privátnu IP?
> > 
> > Existuje niekde
> > 
> > > nejaký návod?
> > 
> > autossh by ten problem na serveri za routerom nevyriesilo ?
> > viz http://www.harding.motd.ca/autossh/
> 
> ako? jedine co ma napada je nechat bezat autossh s tym, ze bude dookola
> vyvolavat "ssh -R ..."
> a kontrolovat, ci bezi.
Pozri si manual pre autossh, text verzia je v prilohe.
Viz. DESCRIPTION
     autossh is a program to start a copy of ssh and monitor it, restarting it
     as necessary should it die or stop passing traffic.

Ja som to sice este nekonfiguroval ale pamatam si, ze ked sme to niekde 
pouzivali tak sa to cez neprivilegovane konto a ssh pub kluc prihlasovalo na 
nejaky server na internete. Z ktoreho sme sa potom cez 'ssh -p XXXXX 
root na localhost' prihlasovali na ten server za firewallom.

> 
> _______________________________________________
> https://lists.linux.sk/mailman/listinfo/linux
> Meta FAQ: http://www.sklug.sk/lists/linux/metafaq.html

Peter
------------- další část ---------------
AUTOSSH(1)              Gentoo General Commands Manual              AUTOSSH(1)

NAME
     autossh ? monitor and restart ssh sessions

SYNOPSIS
     autossh [-V] [-M port[:echo_port]] [-f] [SSH_OPTIONS]

DESCRIPTION
     autossh is a program to start a copy of ssh and monitor it, restarting it
     as necessary should it die or stop passing traffic.

     The original idea and the mechanism were from rstunnel (Reliable SSH Tun?
     nel). With version 1.2 of autossh the method changed: autossh uses ssh to
     construct a loop of ssh forwardings (one from local to remote, one from
     remote to local), and then sends test data that it expects to get back.
     (The idea is thanks to Terrence Martin.)

     With version 1.3, a new method is added (thanks to Ron Yorston): a port
     may be specified for a remote echo service that will echo back the test
     data. This avoids the congestion and the aggravation of making sure all
     the port numbers on the remote machine do not collide. The loop-of -for?
     wardings method remains available for situations where using an echo ser?
     vice may not be possible.

CONTROLLING SSH
   SSH exits
     autossh tries to distinguish the manner of death of the ssh process it is
     monitoring and act appropriately. The rules are:

     1.      If the ssh process exited normally (for example, someone typed
             "exit" in an interactive session), autossh exits rather than
             restarting;

     2.      If autossh itself receives a SIGTERM, SIGINT, or a SIGKILL sig?
             nal, it assumes that it was deliberately signalled, and exits
             after killing the child ssh process;

     3.      If autossh itself receives a SIGUSR1 signal, it kills the child
             ssh process and starts a new one;

     4.      Periodically (by default every 10 minutes), autossh attempts to
             pass traffic on the monitor forwarded port. If this fails,
             autossh will kill the child ssh process (if it is still running)
             and start a new one;

     5.      If the child ssh process dies for any other reason, autossh will
             attempt to start a new one.

   Startup behaviour
     If the ssh session fails with an exit status of 1 on the very first try,
     autossh

     1.      will assume that there is some problem with syntax or the connec?
             tion setup, and will exit rather than retrying;

     2.      There is a "starting gate" time. If the first ssh process fails
             within the first few seconds of being started, autossh assumes
             that it never made it "out of the starting gate", and exits. This
             is to handle initial failed authentication, connection, etc. This
             time is 30 seconds by default, and can be adjusted (see the
             AUTOSSH_GATETIME environment variable below). If AUTOSSH_GATETIME
             is set to 0, then both behaviours are disabled: there is no
             "starting gate", and autossh will restart even if ssh fails on
             the first run with an exit status of 1.

   Continued failures
     If the ssh connection fails and attempts to restart it fail in quick suc?
     cession, autossh will start delaying its attempts to restart, gradually
     backing farther and farther off up to a maximum interval of the autossh
     poll time (usually 10 minutes).  autossh can be "prodded" to retry by
     signalling it, perhaps with SIGHUP ("kill -HUP").

   Connection setup
     As connections must be established unattended, the use of autossh
     requires that some form of automatic authentication be set up. The use of
     RSAAuthentication with ssh-agent is the recommended method. The example
     wrapper script attempts to check if there is an agent running for the
     current environment, and to start one if there isn't.

     It cannot be stressed enough that you must make sure ssh works on its
     own, that you can set up the session you want before you try to run it
     under autossh

     If you are tunnelling and using an older version of ssh that does not
     support the -N flag, you should upgrade (your version has security
     flaws). If you can't upgrade, you may wish to do as rstunnel does, and
     give ssh a command to run, such as "sleep 99999999999".

OPTIONS
     -M port[:echo_port]
             specifies the base monitoring port to use. Without the echo port,
             this port and the port immediately above it ( port + 1) should be
             something nothing else is using.  autossh will send test data on
             the base monitoring port, and receive it back on the port above.
             For example, if you specify "-M 20000", autossh will set up for?
             wards so that it can send data on port 20000 and receive it back
             on 20001.

             Alternatively, a port for a remote echo service may be specified.
             This should be port 7 if you wish to use the standard inetd echo
             service.  When an echo port is specified, only the specified mon?
             itor port is used, and it carries the monitor message in both
             directions.

             Many people disable the echo service, or even disable inetd, so
             check that this service is available on the remote machine. Some
             operating systems allow one to specify that the service only lis?
             ten on the localhost (loopback interface), which would suffice
             for this use.

             The echo service may also be something more complicated: perhaps
             a daemon that monitors a group of ssh tunnels.

             Setting the monitor port to 0 turns the monitoring function off,
             and autossh will only restart ssh upon ssh's exit. For example,
             if you are using a recent version of OpenSSH, you may wish to
             explore using the ServerAliveInterval and ServerAliveCountMax
             options to have the SSH client exit if it finds itself no longer
             connected to the server. In many ways this may be a better solu?
             tion than the monitoring port.

     -f      causes autossh to drop to the background before running ssh. The
             -f flag is stripped from arguments passed to ssh. Note that there
             is a crucial a difference between -f with autossh, and -f with
             ssh: when used with autossh ssh will be unable to ask for pass?
             words or passphrases.

     -V      causes autossh to display its version number and exit.

ENVIRONMENT
     Other than the flag to set the connection monitoring port, autossh uses
     environment variables to control features. ssh seems to be still collect?
     ing letters for options, and this seems the easiest way to avoid colli?
     sions.

     AUTOSSH_DEBUG
             If this variable is set, the logging level is set to to
             LOG_DEBUG, and if the operating system supports it, syslog is set
             to duplicate log entries to stderr.

     AUTOSSH_FIRST_POLL
             Specifies the time to wait before the first connection test.
             Thereafter the general poll time is used (see AUTOSSH_POLL
             below).

     AUTOSSH_GATETIME
             Specifies how long ssh must be up before we consider it a suc?
             cessful connection. The default is 30 seconds. Note that if
             AUTOSSH_GATETIME is set to 0, then not only is the gatetime be?
             haviour turned off, but autossh also ignores the first run fail?
             ure of ssh. This may be useful when running autossh at boot.

     AUTOSSH_LOGLEVEL
             Specifies the log level, corresponding to the levels used by sys?
             log; so 0-7 with 7 being the chattiest.

     AUTOSSH_LOGFILE
             Specifies that autossh should use the named log file, rather than
             syslog.

     AUTOSSH_MAXLIFETIME
             Sets the maximum number of seconds that the program should run.
             Once the number of seconds has been passed, the ssh child will be
             killed and the program will exit.

     AUTOSSH_MAXSTART
             Specifies how many times ssh should be started. A negative number
             means no limit on the number of times ssh is started. The default
             value is -1.

     AUTOSSH_MESSAGE
             Append message to echo message sent when testing connections.

     AUTOSSH_NTSERVICE
             (Cygwin only.) When set to "yes" , autossh sets up to run as an
             NT service under cygrunsrv. This adds the -N flag for ssh if not
             already set, sets the log output to stdout, and changes the be?
             haviour on ssh exit so that it will restart even on a normal
             exit.

     AUTOSSH_PATH
             Specifies the path to the ssh executable, in case it is different
             than the path compiled in.

     AUTOSSH_PIDFILE
             Write autossh pid to specified file.

     AUTOSSH_POLL
             Specifies the connection poll time in seconds; default is 600
             seconds.  If the poll time is less than twice the network time?
             outs (default 15 seconds) the network timeouts will be adjusted
             downward to 1/2 the poll time.

     AUTOSSH_PORT
             Sets the connection monitoring port. Mostly in case ssh appropri?
             ates -M at some time. But because of this possible use,
             AUTOSSH_PORT overrides the -M flag. A value of 0 turns the moni?
             toring function off.

AUTHOR
     autossh was written by Carson Harding.

SEE ALSO
     ssh(1), ssh-add(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-keygen(1), cygrunsrv(1).

Gentoo/linux                     Jul 20, 2004                     Gentoo/linux